Penn Foster Principles of Management Final Exam Essay

1. In order to follow out an organizations commitment to social indebtedness it is necessary to identify what social problem the organization in hightail its to address, develop policies on what the organization plans to do to successfully fulfill its obligation and ensure stakeholder buy-in. The main obstacles an organization faces when implementing socially responsible for(p) policies is pressure from stockholders and business analysis who want steady increase in earnings. Without steady increase in profits, it becomes difficult to reinvest money in these areas. The following consummations can be taken toward increased social responsibility1. Examine expectations and past responses2. Set objectives and prioritize3. Plan and implement strategies4. Set budgets for resources postulateed for social action5. Monitor progress2. Departmentalization is the practice in which congregationing or combining jobs that are related to remains a specialized area that is distinct from other a reas in an organization.Work or functional departmentalization is a method of separating the activities performed at heart an organization into groups by the nature or function of the work they perform. For example, functional departmentalization would tend to group together supply members that perform a specialized function in an organization, like accounting. harvest-tide departmentalization is the grouping of business activities that are necessary to produce a particular harvest-tide and/or grocery a product or service line under the direction of one motorbus. An example of product departmentalization would be a large multiproduct organization like an automotive distributor.Geographic departmentalization is when organizations are physically marooned to geographical regions. An example of geographical departmentalization is a manufacturing company that has locations in Northern and Southern locations that deal with consumers within their region.Customer departmentalization i s when an organization is divided into units that handle specific customer needs. Examples of customer departmentalization in a manufacturing localize are Assembly, shipping, billing, etc.3. The acronym SWOT stands for an organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. A SWOT analysis is strategic planning method that evaluates the subjective and immaterial performance of an organization to see if its fortunate or unfavorable to achieve any(prenominal) objective you are set out to accomplish. Strengths and weaknesses usually arise from the internal aspect of an organization, whereas opportunities and threats evolve from external components. By performing a SWOT analysis it provides learning to managers to help formulate a successful strategy to achieve goals.PART B1. Six Sigma is a management philosophy that sets objectives, collects data and analyzes results as a way to remove wasted expenses from its cropes and help reduce the number of defective products pro duced. Six Sigma uses timbre measures to strive for near perfection by eliminating errors and variables. 2. The balance of trade is the point where the difference between exports and imports is favorable for the country. When the country imports more than it exports, it results in a trade deficit and when the country exports more than it imports, the country runs into a trade surplus. The balance of trade for a countries economy is a very fine balance. The economic watch can change and a deficit or surplus may be an ideal situation. 3. In the context of communication, perception is based on the individual that is on the receiving end of the information. Perception is a process in which stimulation of the senses, whether written, verbal or non-verbal, is translated into a meaningful experience. Each person perceives the alike(p) information differently and they tend to only listens to part of the message before perception distorts the intended message.4. The term organizational d ecentralization refers to the increased amount of authority given to lower level management by f number level management. By allowing lower level management to be involved in decision making, it enables actions to communicate in a mlier manner and promotes higher employee morale, as well as relieves upper management from time consuming projects. 5. Simons theory, principle of bounded rationality as it applies to satisficing can be summarized as a decision making strategy that selects the best alternative rather than continuing to search for the optimal settlement to any given situation. 6. In relations to leadership, consideration and initiating structure both contribute positively to staff motivation and satisfaction, as well as, effectiveness.7. Positive reinforcement is to add a positive outcome as a result of a desired behavior. Negative reinforcement is to give the person the opportunity to deflect a negative consequence by increasing the likelihood that the desired behavio r will reoccur. two are used to increase the frequency of the desired behavior. 8. Planning The manager sets objectives and decided what needs to be done to meet those goals. Organizing The manager divides work into manageable activities and selects people to accomplish the task that need to be done. Staffing The manager determines how many and what kind of staff is needed to meet the organizations goals and then recruits and trains the appropriate people. Leading The manager motivates and communicates with staff and also directs them towards meeting the organizational goals. Controlling The manager measures and analyzes the organizations performance, and makes changes if financial standards are not organism met.9. A manager would use the critical-incident appraisal method for assessing employees written record of both satisfactory and unsatisfying work performances. Performance is documented as it occurs and can aid in preparing performance evaluations to identify strengths and areas that need improvement. 10. Group norm is an informal set of rules a group takes on to regulate group behavior, whereas group cohesiveness is the overall attraction each member has for the group. Group norm example Employees that work on company line 1 at the local factory always sit at the same lunch table and dont interact with others. Group cohesiveness example Employees on assembly line 2 have beaten the monthly production record for the 10th month in a row.